Limits of error correction coding in video watermarking
نویسندگان
چکیده
The paper discusses the limits of error correction coding for spread spectrum-based video watermarking. The error correction code has as input the watermark data bits and as output the values which will be scaled and used to modify the video pixels (transform coefficients). The data rate of the watermark can increase only at the expense of increasing code rate. Theoretically, the scheme is seen as a communication channel with Gaussian additive noise interference. Shannon’s (ideal) spherical codes are used as the error correcting code to calculate the minimum signal to noise ratio (SNR) necessary for a coding scheme with a given block length to achieve a given error probability. This limit is different from Shannon’s asymptotic limit, which is valid for infinite block lengths and zero error probability. In practice, in order to verify the Gaussian channel assumption, the error correction code is a concatenation of codes, of which the innermost is a repetition code. Several practical codes of different length and rates, such as turbo codes and BCH codes are investigated and their performance compared to that of the ideal code of the same size. The compromise block length/code rate is investigated for several marking schemes and attacks.
منابع مشابه
Watermarking of compressed multimedia using error-resilient VLCs
Error-resilient variable length codes (VLCs) have been proposed to counter bit errors over error-prone channels. In this work we establish a linkage between channel coding and watermarking by observing that watermark bits are, in effect, intentional bit errors. Using a recently introduced resynchronizing VLC, we have developed a compressed-domain watermarking algorithm where the inherent errorr...
متن کاملCapacity Enhancement of Compressed Domain Watermarking Channel Using Duo-binary Coding
One of the main goals of watermarking is to optimize capacity while preserving high video fidelity. This paper describes a watermarking scheme based on the spread spectrum paradigm with capacity enhancement using a state-of-the-art error correction technique – duo-binary turbo coding. A new watermark composition with novel bit-wise watermark bits interleaving scheme and bit-rate control on the ...
متن کاملSecurity Evaluation of DWT Based Watermarking Schemes and its Improvement Using RS Coding
In this study, information theory is used to provide both theoretical and practical analysis of security offered by watermarking and data hiding techniques based on wavelet transform. In this context, security level is defined as the equivocation of the secret parameters. On the theoretical side, the measure of security is estimated by means of information theory tools for all possible attacks....
متن کاملA Secure and Robust Object-Based Video Authentication System
An object-based video authentication system, which combines watermarking, error correction coding (ECC), and digital signature techniques, is presented for protecting the authenticity between video objects and their associated backgrounds. In this system, a set of angular radial transformation (ART) coefficients is selected as the feature to represent the video object and the background, respec...
متن کاملA Method to Reduce Effects of Packet Loss in Video Streaming Using Multiple Description Coding
Multiple description (MD) coding has evolved as a promising technique for promoting error resiliency of multimedia system in real-time application programs over error-prone communicational channels. Although multiple description lattice vector quantization (MDCLVQ) is an efficient method for transmitting reliable data in the context of potential error channels, this method doesn’t consider disc...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2003